Comprehensive Analysis of Current Primary Measures to Mitigate Brake Wear Particle Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles
نویسندگان
چکیده
Exhaust regulations and improved exhaust gas treatment systems have already initiated the trend that brings emissions from brakes tires to forefront of traffic-induced particulate matter. The health environmental relevance matter has resulted in regulators, industry, research institutions prioritising mitigation non-exhaust particle emissions. To this end, under umbrella United Nations Economic Commission for Europe World Forum Harmonisation Vehicle Regulations (UNECE WP.29), Working Party on Pollution Energy (GRPE) mandated Particle Measurement Programme Informal Group (PMP-IWG) develop a Global Technical Regulation (GTR) measuring brake dust. standards procedures defined within GTR should eventually form basis introduction Euro 7 limit value purpose measurement campaign is provide an exemplary overview emission behaviour wheel friction pairings currently available market identify possible reduction potential with regard All measurements were carried out taking into account draft valid at time execution. For investigations, selected using example different vehicle classes, concepts (disc drum brake), axles (front rear axle), alternative materials (brake disc pads/shoes). Thus, use wear-resistant discs pad compositions are able achieve significantly lower In addition, dust vehicles levels electrification was considered. Electrical braking modelled applied Worldwide Harmonised Light-Duty Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) Brake Cycle, which demonstrated high potentials depending level.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Atmosphere
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2073-4433']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040712